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科学家发现一种分子可以摧毁小鼠体内最严重的癌症_我的网站

一 |     NEW YORK -- Some of the most used platforms for travel and online shopping said Tuesday they’re going to team up to battle fake reviews. Amazon, reviews site Glassdoor and Trustpilot as well as travel companies Expedia Group, Booking.com and Tripadvisor said in an announcement they’re launching a coalition that aims to protect access to “trustworthy consumer reviews" worldwide. The companies said the members of the group, which will be called Coalition for Trusted Reviews, will look for best practices for hosting online reviews and share methods on how to detect fake ones. That will include developing standards for what constitutes a fake review and sharing information about how bad actors operate. Phony reviews have long plagued online marketplaces despite their efforts to eradicate it. Much of the problem is fueled by brokers who solicit fake customer reviews through social media platforms, encrypted messaging apps and other channels in exchange for money, free items or other benefits. Brokers can solicit positive reviews to boost sales for businesses or sellers. They can also also post negative reviews for competitors in order to tank their sales.Last month, Amazon said two review brokers in China were sentenced to two-and-a-half years in prison and three years of probation after using messaging apps to advertise and sell fake reviews to Amazon selling accounts. The company has filed a flurry of other lawsuits in the past year against operators that it says were doing similar things. Last year, it also sued the administrators of more than 10,000 Facebook groups that it alleged were coordinating bogus reviews in exchange for money or free products.Facebook groups trading reviews for Google and Trustpilot, which allows users to leave feedback for businesses, were also discovered earlier this year by the British consumer watchdog group “Which?”Federal regulators have also been aiming to crack down on bogus reviews aiming to deceive consumers. In June, the Federal Trade Commission proposed a new rule that, among other things, would prohibit businesses from selling or obtaining fake reviews, suppressing honest reviews and selling fake social media engagement. Businesses would also be prohibited from creating or controlling a website that claims to provide independent opinions about its products and employing other practices like “review hijacking,” which makes reviews for one product appear like they were written for different ones. If the proposal is adopted, violators can be face penalties. Becky Foley, Tripadvisor’s vice president for Trust & Safety, said in a statement included in the news release that combating operators behind fake reviews will be “an immediate area of focus” for the coalition.“These actors often operate outside of jurisdictions with a legal framework to shut down fraudulent activity, making robust cooperation even more important,” Foley said.The companies said the coalition is a result conversations that came out of a “Fake Reviews” conference that was organized by Tripadvisor and held last year in San Francisco. They said they will meet in early December at a second conference that will be organized by Amazon and held in Brussels.。    这种新的分子癌症治疗方法依赖于一种特定的分子，它可以寻找围绕癌细胞的酸性环境。但是，为了使细胞有足够的酸性，它们不能是“冷”的肿瘤，这种肿瘤几乎没有免疫活性。这就是被称为STING激动剂的药物发挥作用的地方。

二 | 这些药物使肿瘤“燃烧”起来，允许免疫系统对其作出反应。然而，找到"冷"癌细胞可能很困难。这就是新的分子癌症疗法发挥作用的地方。

三 | 研究人员本月在《肿瘤学前沿》（Frontiers of Oncology）杂志上发表了一项关于该分子的研究。根据该研究，该分子被称为pH值低的插入肽（pHLIP），它被吸引到酸性环境。

四 | 通过使用该分子引导药物到肿瘤和癌细胞，他们能够将它们踢出"寒冷"的肿瘤范围，推动免疫系统进行反击。然后，他们可以使用免疫检查点抑制剂来有效地移除使免疫系统不至于用力过猛的自然刹车。这种分子癌症治疗方法让免疫系统更长时间地对抗癌症。这是一个双重的系统，基本上允许研究人员准确地引导药物到它们需要的地方。近年来，我们已经看到越来越多像这种新的分子癌症治疗方法这样的靶向选择出现了。

五 | 一种针对癌细胞的病毒也一直在进行，我们甚至看到研究人员在测试一种能杀死皮肤癌的凝胶。在测试分子癌症治疗方法时，研究人员将pHLIP与STING激动剂耦合在一起，然后对20只患有结肠直肠肿瘤的小鼠进行治疗。他们发现，在一次注射后，18只小鼠的肿瘤在几天内完全消失。在另一组有较大肿瘤的小鼠中，他们看到接受治疗的10只小鼠中有7只肿瘤消失了。

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Published on:18:18:34